{"id":8729,"date":"2017-04-24T13:01:46","date_gmt":"2017-04-24T11:01:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/formacio\/zenit\/?p=8729"},"modified":"2023-02-15T09:17:02","modified_gmt":"2023-02-15T08:17:02","slug":"p03_ud01-5-aplicacions-imatges-de-sentinel-i-el-ndvi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/general\/p03_ud01-5-aplicacions-imatges-de-sentinel-i-el-ndvi\/","title":{"rendered":"1.6. Aplicacions: Imatges de Sentinel i el NDVI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Sentinel-2 \u00e9s una missi\u00f3 d&#8217;observaci\u00f3 terrestre desenvolupada per l&#8217;ESA en el marc del programa Copernicus de la Commissi\u00f3 Europea. La missi\u00f3 Sentinel-2 oferir\u00e0 dades per a serveis com ara la vigil\u00e0ncia dels boscos, el monitoratge de cultius agr\u00edcoles o la gesti\u00f3 de desastres naturals.<\/p>\n<p>En la seg\u00fcent figura, s&#8217;observa una combinaci\u00f3 d&#8217;imatges SENTINEL 2 sobre els pivots de regadiu a Gimenells (Lleida), en configuraci\u00f3 visible i infraroig proper on s&#8217;identifica molt b\u00e9, la major vigorositat (vermell intens) en l&#8217;infraroig proper de la vegetaci\u00f3, entre el juliol i el novembre.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/PIVOTS_GIMENELLSdef.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9431 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/PIVOTS_GIMENELLSdef-1024x575.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" srcset=\"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/PIVOTS_GIMENELLSdef-1024x575.png 1024w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/PIVOTS_GIMENELLSdef-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/PIVOTS_GIMENELLSdef-768x431.png 768w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/PIVOTS_GIMENELLSdef.png 1155w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>La missi\u00f3 Sentinel-2 ofereix una combinaci\u00f3 d&#8217;informaci\u00f3 multiespectral amb 13 bandes del canal visible, infraroig proper i infraroig d&#8217;ona curta de l&#8217;espectre i una alta resoluci\u00f3 espacial: 10m, 20m i 60m;<\/p>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/sentinel_1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9432 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/sentinel_1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"992\" height=\"673\" srcset=\"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/sentinel_1.png 992w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/sentinel_1-300x204.png 300w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/sentinel_1-768x521.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 992px) 100vw, 992px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Aplicacions<\/h3>\n<p>Una de les cobertes terrestres m\u00e9s importants \u00e9s la vegetaci\u00f3, pel seu propi valor com a recurs econ\u00f2mic (boscos, agricultura, pastures, etc.); pel fet de constituir ecosistemes on tenen valor la fauna, la geologia&#8230;; pel seu paper dins la mitigaci\u00f3 del canvi clim\u00e0tic; etc.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019 estudi i monitoritzaci\u00f3 de la vegetaci\u00f3 ha esdevingut cabdal. Una de les eines d\u2019an\u00e0lisi dins la teledetecci\u00f3 \u00e9s l\u2019obtenci\u00f3 d\u2019\u00edndexos de vegetaci\u00f3: combinacions de bandes espectrals d\u2019un<br \/>\nsensor per a destacar la seva resposta espectral. Com a resultat d\u2019operar algebraicament amb les bandes s\u2019obt\u00e9 una nova imatge (un sol canal).<\/p>\n<p>Un dels \u00edndexos de vegetaci\u00f3 m\u00e9s utilitzat \u00e9s l\u2019<strong>NDVI<\/strong> (Normalized Vegetation Index). Algunes de les seves \u00e0rees d\u2019aplicaci\u00f3 s\u00f3n: l\u2019agricultura de precisi\u00f3 (per estimar fertilitzants o altres aportacions); participaci\u00f3 en els mapes de risc forestal; monitoritzaci\u00f3 de sequera i desertitzaci\u00f3, etc.<\/p>\n<p>La vegetaci\u00f3, concretament la clorofil\u00b7la, absorbeix radiacions en la regi\u00f3 de les longituds d\u2019ona vermelles i, degut a l\u2019estructura de les fulles, reflecteix intensament les del l\u2019infraroig proper<\/p>\n<p>(NIR: Near InfraRed).<\/p>\n<p>La combinaci\u00f3 dels canals infraroig i visible, segons els parametres de d&#8217;una forma precisa, permet<\/p>\n<div style=\"float: left; width: 50%;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/signatura_espectral_vegetacio.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9433\" src=\"http:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/signatura_espectral_vegetacio.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"971\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/signatura_espectral_vegetacio.png 971w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/signatura_espectral_vegetacio-300x163.png 300w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/signatura_espectral_vegetacio-768x416.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 971px) 100vw, 971px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"float: left; width: 50%;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/absorcio_biomasa.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9434 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/absorcio_biomasa.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"986\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/absorcio_biomasa.png 986w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/absorcio_biomasa-300x160.png 300w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/absorcio_biomasa-768x410.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 986px) 100vw, 986px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p>La vegetaci\u00f3 saludable (verda, amb molta clorofil\u00b7la) absorbeix b\u00e9 en el vermell, no el reflecteix gaire (valor num\u00e8ric baix), s\u2019obt\u00e9 un \u00edndex al voltant d\u20191. La vegetaci\u00f3 no saludable, o menys densa, no absorbeix tant el vermell, si no l\u2019absorbeix es reflecteix (valor num\u00e8ric alt), i l\u2019\u00edndex resulta amb valor negatiu fins a 0.<\/p>\n<p>En la seg\u00fcent imatge, pots observar els contrasts d&#8217;aquest \u00edndex, en\u00a0una zona urbana, on hi ha o no hi ha pres\u00e8ncia d&#8217;arbres o parcs.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/URBAN_NDVI.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9435 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/URBAN_NDVI.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"902\" height=\"291\" srcset=\"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/URBAN_NDVI.png 902w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/URBAN_NDVI-300x97.png 300w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/URBAN_NDVI-768x248.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 902px) 100vw, 902px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Activitat<\/h3>\n<p>En la seg\u00fcent direcci\u00f3 trobar\u00e0s un aplicatiu, molt interessant, per veure com evoluciona l&#8217;\u00edndex de vegetaci\u00f3 NDVI al llarg del temps, a partir d&#8217;imatges de sat\u00e8l.lit (en aquest cas del programa americ\u00e0 Landsat).\u00a0Visualitza i analitza evoluci\u00f3 index vegetaci\u00f3 teva comarca o municipi amb <a href=\"https:\/\/remotepixel.ca\/projects\/landsat8ndvi.html\">https:\/\/remotepixel.ca\/projects\/landsat8ndvi.html<\/a> \u00a1\u00a1\u00a1<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/NDVI_EVOLUTIONDEF.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9436 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/NDVI_EVOLUTIONDEF-1024x578.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"578\" srcset=\"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/NDVI_EVOLUTIONDEF-1024x578.png 1024w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/NDVI_EVOLUTIONDEF-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/NDVI_EVOLUTIONDEF-768x433.png 768w, https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1639\/2017\/11\/NDVI_EVOLUTIONDEF.png 1152w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sentinel-2 \u00e9s una missi\u00f3 d&#8217;observaci\u00f3 terrestre desenvolupada per l&#8217;ESA en el marc del programa Copernicus de la Commissi\u00f3 Europea. La missi\u00f3 Sentinel-2 oferir\u00e0 dades per a serveis com ara la vigil\u00e0ncia dels boscos, el monitoratge de cultius agr\u00edcoles o la gesti\u00f3 de desastres naturals.<br \/>\nEn la&hellip;  <a href=\"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/general\/p03_ud01-5-aplicacions-imatges-de-sentinel-i-el-ndvi\/\" title=\"Read 1.6. Aplicacions: Imatges de Sentinel i el NDVI\">Llegeix m\u00e9s\u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9432,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,330],"tags":[307,308,306,310],"class_list":["post-8729","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","category-obsterra","tag-batxillerat","tag-espectre-electromagnetic","tag-plafo","tag-ud_espectre"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8729","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8729"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8729\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11381,"href":"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8729\/revisions\/11381"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8729"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8729"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projectes.xtec.cat\/zenit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}